BIODIVERSITY

    Due to the increasing and grave threat that is on the natural resources all over the world, appeared in the last decades a preoccupation about preservationist subject, what has resulted in big planetary reunions as the United Nations’ Conference about Environment and Development (Rio-92).
     At this conference was signed the Biological Diversity’s Convention; very important document about preservationist subject, that in its art. 2º, defines biodiversity or biological diversity as the variability of live organisms of all origins, consisting, among others, the terrestrial ecosystems, marines and another aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes, from which they are part; still consisting the diversity in the species, among species and of ecosystems.
     The biodiversity also can be considered as the complex resultant of species’ variation and of the ecosystems that exist in a specific region.
     Its study has direct importance for the species’ conservation or preservation, because if we understand life as an everything, we will be able to preserve it better, as it is also very important for our development, resulting the use of the biological resources for being explored in a not prejudicial form to the nature, conserving it the most possible, permitting the harmony between the human activities’ development and preservation, being it called modernly as supported development.
     The Convention had the finality, among another, to call the attention of the signatory countries and of the world in general, about the biodiversity’s importance, about ecological, social, economical, scientific and cultural values, and also reaffirmed that The states are responsible for its conservation to the obtaining of a supported development. Also considered that is of big importance the biodiversity’s conservation for attending the necessities of the world population.
     We must remember that biodiversity is an extraordinary source of food and energetic resources that can be completely used by man, what almost also did not happen, as well as Brazil is the country of biggest life’s diversity, having around 10 and 15% of all the planet’s biodiversity.
     As it is said by Edward O. Wilson (“Life’s Diversity”, “Ed. Companhia das Letras”, 1994), the Earth never had so much life’s diversity as it is having in our era, still existing a lot for studying and discovering.
     At the Amazonian region are the biggest diversity of the planet, but it is threatened by the getting out of control of economical expansion in this end of century, what needs the attention of the environmentalists of all over the world.